Kolkata, the cultural capital of eastern India, is a bustling metropolis known for its colonial architecture and vibrant arts scene. Banaras, also known as Varanasi, is one of the oldest living cities in the world, famous for its spiritual heritage and ghats along the Ganges River. Traveling from Kolkata to Banaras is a popular route for pilgrims, tourists, and business travelers alike.

This guide covers all practical options to reach Banaras from Kolkata, including trains, buses, cars, and flights. You will find detailed travel times, costs, tips on booking, and what to expect upon arrival to plan your journey confidently.

Getting from Kolkata to Banaras – Main Options

Train

Train travel is the most popular and economical way to reach Banaras from Kolkata. Indian Railways operates several direct trains connecting Howrah and Sealdah stations in Kolkata to Banaras and Varanasi Junction, making it convenient for all types of travelers.

• Key stations:

  Trains depart mainly from Howrah (HWH) and Sealdah (SDAH) stations in Kolkata and arrive at Varanasi Junction (BSB) or Banaras railway station (BSBS). Varanasi Junction is the major hub with better connectivity.

• Duration and cost:

  The journey takes approximately 12 to 15 hours, covering around 880 km. Ticket prices range from ₹400 for sleeper class to ₹1500+ for AC classes, depending on the train and availability.

• Frequency and comfort:

  Multiple daily trains like the Shramjeevi Express and Howrah Varanasi Express run on this route. AC coaches offer comfortable overnight travel, while sleeper class is budget-friendly but can be crowded.

• Booking tips:

  Book tickets early via IRCTC or authorized agents, especially during festivals like Diwali or Dev Deepawali when demand spikes. Tatkal tickets are available but limited.

• Scenic and rest stops:

  The route passes through West Bengal, Jharkhand, and Bihar, offering views of rural landscapes and small towns. Major stops include Asansol, Dhanbad, and Patna, where passengers can stretch or buy local snacks.

• Challenges:

  Trains can be delayed during monsoon due to track maintenance. Night travel is common, so carry essentials like water and light blankets.

Bus

Bus travel from Kolkata to Banaras is less common due to the long distance but remains an option for budget travelers seeking direct road connectivity. State-run and private operators offer overnight services.

• Departure points:

  Buses leave from Kolkata’s Esplanade or Howrah bus terminals, heading towards Varanasi via NH19 and NH31 highways.

• Duration and fares:

  The journey takes around 16 to 18 hours, depending on traffic and road conditions. Ticket prices range from ₹800 to ₹1200 for AC and non-AC buses.

• Bus types and comfort:

  Volvo and deluxe buses provide better comfort for overnight travel. Ordinary buses are cheaper but less comfortable for long journeys.

• Booking:

  Tickets can be booked online on platforms like RedBus or at local bus counters. Advance booking is recommended during peak seasons.

• Road conditions and stops:

  The route follows NH19 through Asansol and Dhanbad, with several highway dhabas and rest stops. Avoid traveling during heavy monsoon rains due to potential roadblocks.

• Challenges:

  Long bus journeys can be tiring and prone to delays from traffic congestion near urban centers.

Car / Self-Drive

Driving from Kolkata to Banaras offers flexibility and the chance to explore en route. The route covers approximately 880 km via NH19, passing through Jharkhand and Bihar.

• Route details:

  The most common route is via NH19, passing through Asansol, Dhanbad, and Patna before reaching Banaras. The roads are mostly national highways with tolls.

• Travel time and distance:

  Driving takes about 14 to 16 hours depending on traffic and stops. Plan for fuel and meal breaks at highway dhabas.

• Road conditions:

  NH19 is generally well-maintained but watch for potholes and slow-moving trucks, especially near towns. Avoid night driving in rural areas due to limited lighting.

• Navigation tips:

  Use GPS apps like Google Maps or MapMyIndia for real-time traffic updates. Keep cash handy for tolls and fuel stations.

• Rest stops and safety:

  Plan stops at popular dhabas like Kalinga or Sukhdev for meals. Carry a first-aid kit and check vehicle condition before starting.

• Challenges:

  Traffic congestion near Kolkata and Patna can cause delays. Monsoon season may cause waterlogging on some stretches.

Flight

Flying is the fastest way to travel from Kolkata to Banaras, especially for business travelers or those short on time. Varanasi’s Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport (VNS) connects to Kolkata’s Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport (CCU) with direct flights.

• Flight duration and frequency:

  Direct flights take about 1 hour 45 minutes. Airlines like IndiGo and Air India operate daily flights between CCU and VNS.

• Cost and booking:

  Airfare ranges from ₹3000 to ₹6000 depending on the season and how early you book. Use airline websites or aggregators like MakeMyTrip for best deals.

• Airport connectivity:

  Kolkata airport is well connected by metro, taxis, and buses. Varanasi airport is about 26 km from the city center with prepaid taxis and Ola/Uber available.

• Advantages:

  Flying saves time and avoids long road or train journeys. Ideal for travelers with limited vacation days.

• Challenges:

  Flight cancellations or delays can occur during foggy winters. Airport transfers in Varanasi may take time due to traffic.

Step-by-Step Travel Plan

This simple itinerary helps first-time travelers plan their journey from Kolkata to Banaras efficiently, covering ticket booking, travel, and arrival tips.

• Book your tickets early:

  Use IRCTC for trains or airline websites for flights. Booking 2-3 weeks in advance ensures availability, especially during festivals.

• Reach the departure point early:

  Arrive at Howrah or Sealdah station at least 45 minutes before train departure to avoid last-minute rush and find your platform easily.

• Pack essentials for overnight travel:

  Carry water, snacks, a light blanket, and chargers. Trains and buses may have limited pantry services.

• Use prepaid taxis or app cabs on arrival:

  At Varanasi station or airport, opt for prepaid counters or Ola/Uber to avoid overcharging and ensure safe rides to your accommodation.

• Plan local transport in Banaras:

  Auto-rickshaws and cycle rickshaws are common for short distances. For longer trips, consider renting a scooter or booking cabs via apps.

• Stay in central areas:

  Choose accommodation near Dashashwamedh Ghat or Cantonment for easy access to major attractions and transport hubs.

Practical Travel Tips

• Safety:

  Keep your belongings secure on trains and buses. Avoid isolated platforms late at night and use trusted transport options after arrival.

• Food and water:

  Carry bottled water and eat at hygienic dhabas or station stalls. Banaras is famous for street food, but choose busy places to avoid stomach issues.

• Booking strategy:

  Use IRCTC’s official app or website for train tickets and confirm PNR status before travel. For flights, check baggage rules to avoid extra charges.

• Local commute:

  Download Ola and Uber apps for convenient rides in both cities. Negotiate fares beforehand for auto-rickshaws as meters are rarely used.

• Luggage:

  Travel light if using public transport. Keep valuables in a daypack and avoid carrying large sums of cash.

• Seasonal warnings:

  Monsoon can cause delays on roads and trains. Winters bring fog that may disrupt flights, so check weather updates before departure.

Best Time & Conditions

The best time to travel from Kolkata to Banaras is during the cooler months from October to March when weather is pleasant and festivals add cultural vibrancy. Avoid peak summer due to heat and monsoon for possible travel disruptions.

Planning your departure time carefully can help avoid traffic and crowded trains or flights.

• Avoid traveling during major festivals like Diwali and Holi unless you want to experience the celebrations, as transport gets crowded.

• Early morning departures from Kolkata help avoid city traffic and ensure timely arrival.

• Monsoon season (July to September) can cause delays on roads and railways due to waterlogging and maintenance.

• Winter fog in December and January may affect flight schedules, so keep alternate plans ready.

Arrival at Banaras & What to Expect

Arriving at Varanasi Junction or Banaras railway station places you close to the city’s spiritual heart. The stations are busy but well connected to local transport options. Prepaid taxi counters and app-based cabs are available outside the station for safe transfers.

Banaras offers a range of accommodations near the ghats, making it easy to explore attractions like Kashi Vishwanath Temple, Dashashwamedh Ghat, and the narrow lanes of the old city. Auto-rickshaws and cycle rickshaws are common for short trips, while taxis serve longer distances.

Conclusion

Among all options, train travel stands out as the most efficient and economical way to reach Banaras from Kolkata, offering multiple daily services and comfortable overnight journeys. Flights provide a quick alternative for those prioritizing time over cost, while driving offers flexibility for adventurous travelers.

With this comprehensive guide, you can confidently plan your trip from Kolkata to Banaras, choosing the mode that best suits your schedule and budget. Enjoy the journey and the timeless charm of Banaras!